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 Home » Angkor Driver » Pre Angkorian Temple Ruins

Angkorian and Pre-Angkorian Temple Ruins 

Angkor Archaeological Park/Siem Reap Province - The following temple ruins are located in Siem Reap Province, most within the boundaries of the Angkor Archaeological Park near Siem Reap City. The temple sites with the Angkor Archaeological Park represent the ruins of the ancient Angkorian capital cities and include most of the most famous Khmer temples including Angkor Wat and Bayon. Click on the temple name for more details on photographs.



Ruin

Location

Date of Construction

King/Patron

Style

Ak Yum

AAP - Near the West Baray

8th-11th century AD

---

---

Angkor Thom

AAP

12th-13th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Angkor Wat

AAP - 6km north of Siem Reap Town.

Early-Mid 12th century AD

Suryavarman II

Angkor Wat

Bakong

AAP - Roluos Group

Early 9th century AD

Indravarman

Preah Ko

Baksei Chamkrong

AAP/PC - Near the South Gate of Angkor Thom

Mid 10th century AD

Harshavarman 

Bakheng

Banteay Kdei

AAP/GC

Late 12th - Early 13th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Angkor Wat/ Bayon

Banteay Prei

AAP/GC

Late 12th - Early 13th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Banteay Samre

AAP - 4km east of East Mebon

Mid 12th century AD

Suryavarman II 

Angkor Wat

Banteay Srey

37km north of Siem Reap Town

Late 10th century AD

Rajendravarman

Banteay Srey

Baphuon

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Mid 11th century AD

Udayadityavarman II

Baphuon

Bat Chum

AAP/PC

Mid 10th century AD

Rajendravarman

Pre Rup

Bayon

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Late 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Beng Melea


Early 11th century AD

Suryavarman II 

Angkor Wat

Chapel of the Hospital

AAP/PC

Late 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Chau Say Tevoda

AAP/PC

Early 12th century AD

Suryavarman II 

Angkor Wat

East Mebon

AAP/GC

Late 10th century AD

Rajendravarman II 

Pre Rup

Kbal Spean

49km north of Siem Reap Town

11th - 13th century AD



Kleangs (North and South)

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Late 10th - Early 11th century AD

Jayavarman V 

Khleang

Krol Ko

AAP/GC

Late 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Krol Romeas

AAP/GC




Kutisvara

AAP/GC

9th / 10th century AD

Jayavarman II

Preah Ko

Lolei

AAP - Roluos Group

Late 9th century AD

Yasovarman I

Pre Rup/Bakheng

Neak Pean

AAP/GC

Late 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Phimeanakas

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Late 10th - Early 11th century AD

Jayavarman V

Khleang

Phnom Bakheng

AAP/PC - Near the South Gate of Angkor Thom

Late 9th - Early 10th century AD

Yasovarman I 

Bakheng

Phnom Krom

15km south of Siem Reap Town, near the Chong Khneas Port

Late 9th - Early 10th century AD

Yasovarman I 

Bakheng

Phnom Kulen

50km north of Siem Reap Town

9th century AD

Jayavarman II

Kulen

Prasat Bei

AAP/PC - Near the South Gate of Angkor Thom

10th century AD

Yasovarman I 

Bakheng

Prasat Kravan

AAP/PC

Early 10th century AD 

Harshavarman I

Pre Rup

Prasat Prei

AAP/GC

Late 12th - Early 13th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Prasat Suor Prat

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Early 13th? century AD

Indravarman II 

Post-Bayon

Prasat Top (East) 

Angkor Thom

Late 13th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Prasat Top (West)

Angkor Thom

9th-17th century AD


Post-Bayon

Pre Rup

AAP/GC

Late 10th century AD

Rajendravarman II 

Pre Rup

Preah Khan

AAP/GC

Late 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Preah Ko

AAP - Roluos Group

Late 9th century AD

Indravarman I 

Preah Ko

Preah Palilay

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Late 12th - Early 13th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Preah Pithu Group

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Early 12th century AD

Suryavarman II 


Roluos Group

AAP - Roluos Group

Late 9th century AD



Spean Thma

AAP/PC




Srah Srang

AAP/PC

Mid 10th and Late 12th century AD 

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Ta Keo

AAP/PC

Late 10th - Early 11th century AD

Jayavarman V 

Khleang

Ta Nei

AAP

Mid 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Ta Prohm

AAP/PC

Mid 12th - Early 13th century AD 

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Ta Prohm Kel 

AAP/PC - Opposite Angkor Wat

Late 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Ta Som

AAP/GC

Late 12th century AD century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Tep Pranam

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

9th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Terrace of the Elephants

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Late 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Terrace of the Leper King

AAP/PC - Central Angkor Thom

Late 12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

Bayon

Thma Bay Kaek

AAP/PC

Late 11th / early 12th century AD

Suryavarman II 

Angkor Wat

Thommanon

AAP/PC

Late 11th - Early 12th century AD 

Suryavarman II 

Angkor Wat

Wat Athvea

8km south of Siem Reap Town.

Late 11th century AD

Suryavarman II 

Angkor Wat

West Mebon

AAP - On an island in the center of the West Baray

Late 11th century AD

Udayadityavarman VII

Baphuon


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Takeo Province - The following temple ruins are located in Takeo Province south of Phnom Penh. All are within day-trip's distance of Phnom Penh, The pre-Angkorian and Angkorian-era temple ruins in Takeo Province, though not as impressive as the temples near Siem Reap, rank amongst the most historically and archaeologically important Khmer ruins in Cambodia. Most of the listed temple ruins can also be reached by Phnom Penh Sorya Transport bus. Regularly scheduled buses depart the bus station near Phnom Penh’s Central Market and follow the National Routes into the provinces. Most of the listed sites lie on or near a National Route. For sites located away from the National Route, onward transportation (usually motodups) awaits bus passengers at the bus stops. The bus station is located at the southwest corner of the Central Market (Phsar Thmey). Call 023-210359 for the bus schedule. See the Temple Ruins Near Phnom Penh Map for Takeo province temples

Ruin

Location

Date of Construction

King/Patron

Style

Angkor Borei

Takeo Province

Neolithic - 15th century AD

---

---

Phnom Chisor

Takeo Province, just off Route #2

10th-11th century AD

Suryavarman I

--

Phnom Da

Takeo Province

Mid-11th century AD

Rudravarman

--

Prasat Neang Khmau

Takeo Province, just off Route #2

10th century AD

Jayavarman IV

--

Ta Prohm at Tonle Bati

Takeo Province, at Tonle Bati resort area

12th century AD

Jayavarman VII

--

Yeah Peau

Takeo Province, at Tonle Bati resort area

12th century AD

Jayavarman VII 

--


Abbreviations and notes
AAP - Angkor Archaeological Park

AT - Angkor Thom
C.E. - Current Era. Roughly equivalent to A.D.
d - degrees (used to replace the usual degree symbol)
GC - Grand Circuit (The 'grand' or 'large' road circuit though the main temple complex. Indicated in green on the map.)
PC - Petite Circuit (The 'petite' or 'small' road circuit though the main temple complex. Indicated in red on the map.)


- The 'position' of the ruins listed on the individual temple description pages is the position of the central tower or prasat unless otherwise indicated.

 
Glossary

Anastylosis Archaeological technique used in reconstructing the temples ruins by dismantling and then rebuilding. This technique was used on Banteay Samre, Prasat Kravan, Thommanon and many other temples.


Angkor Angkor refers to the capital city of the Khmer Empire that existed in the area of Cambodia between the 9th and 12th centuries CE, as well as to the empire itself.


Apsara Mythological a celestial nymph. Devatas (standing female divinities), though technically different, are also referred to as apsaras in this guide. Carved in abundance on many of the temples.


Banteay (Khmer) 'fortress' or 'citadel'. Though not a technical designation, it often indicates a monastic complex or flat temple style.


Baray (Khmer) A ‘baray’ is a water reservoir - an area of land where dikes have been raised to catch and hold water. Beginning in the 9th century, the construction of massive barays and other such grand projects became one of the marks of Angkorian kingship. There are four major barays in the Park area. When the barays were constructed, an island temple was set at the center of each. The first major baray to be constructed was Indratataka by King Yasovarman I, measuring 3.8km x 880m and completed in 889AD when the capital was still at Hariharalaya near Roluos. The Roluos Group temple Lolei sat on an island in the middle of Indratataka. Construction of the second major baray, the East Baray (Yashodharatataka,) began almost immediately after the first. At 7.8km x 880m it was almost five times larger than the Indratataka. Almost 50 years later, the temple East Mebon was constructed on an island in the center. The third and largest baray (8km x 2.2km) is the West Baray built in the early 11th century. Unlike the other barays, the West Baray is still partially filled, creating good sized lake. The temple ruins of West Mebon sit on an artificial island at the center of the baray (requiring a short boat ride to visit.) The last baray (Jayatataka) was constructed by Jayavarman VII in the late 12th century. It is considered to be the baray of Preah Khan though it is Neak Pean that actually sits at the center. The function of barays is a matter of academic debate. A recent study has argued that the barays did not serve an agricultural purpose but were built and maintained solely for political/religious reasons. Conventional wisdom has it that the barays were part of a giant water works used to irrigate the rice paddies and provide water for year round cultivation, though they certainly served a political and religious function as well.


Boeung (Khmer) 'lake'. Also spelled ‘beng’.


Champa Neighboring Indianised state, contemporary with Angkor. Located in the area of south central Vietnam.


Corbel arch False arch made from placing tiered, progressively projecting corbels on opposite walls. Used throughout Angkorian era construction.


Gopura The entrance-way or gate in the wall that surrounds a temple.


Khmer The dominant ethnic group and the language of ancient and modern Cambodia.


Linga A phallic symbol, representative of the god Shiva.


Lintel The sandstone block above doorways and windows, often intricately carved.


Monastic complex General term referring to a temple that has a relatively flat, sometimes sprawling architectural layout. It may employ towers, but set at ground level, e.g.: Ta Prohm, Preah Khan, Banteay Kdei.


Naga Mythological, multi-headed snake/serpent. Naga motifs are often used in balustrades.


Phnom (Khmer) 'hill' or 'mountain'.


Prasat (Khmer) 'tower'.


Preah (Khmer) 'sacred'.


Reamker Khmer telling of the Ramayana, a classic and much loved epic tale from Hindu mythology - the adventures of Rama in his quest to save his kidnapped wife, Sita, from Ravana. Images from the Ramayana are carved on many temples including Angkor Wat, and traditional dance performances in Siem Reap often incorporate stories from the Ramayana.


Shiva One of the three primary gods of the Hindu trinity. The ‘destroyer’. Central to the Angkor royal linga cult. Often represented in the form of a linga.

Stele Inscribed stone tablet.


Stung (Khmer) 'river'


Temple-mountain A specific architectural design based on the mythological mountain, Mt. Meru. Eg: Pre Rup, Ta Keo, Bakong.


Thom (Khmer) 'big,' e.g. Angkor Thom


-varman (Khmer) ‘protected by’. The suffix attached to the names of Khmer kings, e.g.: Suryavarman, Jayavarman.


Vihear (Khmer) Main temple building of a Buddhist pagoda or temple group. Houses the Buddha image.


Vishnu One of the three primary gods of the Hindu trinity. The ‘protector’.


Wat Modern Buddhist pagoda or temple.

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